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PSX glossary: 60 stock market terms in Urdu
60 PSX stock market terms in Urdu script, Roman Urdu and plain English, grouped by accounts, orders, prices, dividends, fundamentals, flows and tax.
This glossary explains 60 Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) terms in Urdu script, Roman Urdu and one plain English sentence each. It answers the search for stock market terms in Urdu (stock market urdu mein). The terms sit in seven groups: accounts and access, orders and trading, prices and indices, dividends and corporate actions, fundamentals, flows and market structure, and Shariah and tax. Every row gives the English term, an Urdu form that follows Pakistani financial press usage, a Roman Urdu spelling and the PSX-specific meaning. Settlement on PSX has been T+1 since 9 February 2026, and the rules named here were checked on 18 October 2026. Where a rate changes by law, the row names the source to check.
Why do Urdu finance terms look like English words?
Urdu business pages, such as those of Jang, write most market terms as English loanwords in Urdu script: “100 انڈیکس”, “شیئرز”, “مارکیٹ کیپٹلائزیشن”. The PSX Urdu pages do the same for “ڈیویڈنڈ” and “بروکر”. This glossary keeps those forms. It uses a pure Urdu word, such as “سہولت” in Sahulat, only where the press does. Roman Urdu has no fixed spelling, so the column shows one common form.
Accounts and access
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| UIN | منفرد شناختی نمبر (یو آئی این) | munfarid shanakhti number (UIN) | The unique investor number that NCCPL issues, linked to your CNIC, which tags every trade you make. Guide |
| CDC | سینٹرل ڈپازٹری کمپنی (سی ڈی سی) | central depository company (CDC) | The depository that keeps PSX shares in electronic form and records who owns how many. Guide |
| Sub-account | سب اکاؤنٹ | sub account | Your share-holding account at CDC, opened under your broker’s participant account. Guide |
| Sahulat account | سہولت اکاؤنٹ | sahulat account | SECP’s simplified brokerage account for small investors, with less paperwork and an investment ceiling. Guide |
| TREC holder | ٹی آر ای سی ہولڈر (بروکریج ہاؤس) | TREC holder (brokerage house) | A broker that holds PSX’s Trading Right Entitlement Certificate and may place orders on the exchange. |
| NCCPL | نیشنل کلیئرنگ کمپنی آف پاکستان (این سی سی پی ایل) | national clearing company of Pakistan (NCCPL) | The clearing house that settles PSX trades and issues UINs. |
| Broker | بروکر | broker | An SECP-licensed firm that places your orders on PSX and charges commission. |
| Symbol / ticker | سمبل (ٹکر) | symbol (ticker) | The short code of a listed company on PSX, such as OGDC or HBL. |
| Portfolio | پورٹ فولیو | portfolio | The full set of shares you hold, with the quantity and cost of each. |
| Roshan Digital Account | روشن ڈیجیٹل اکاؤنٹ | roshan digital account | The State Bank scheme that lets non-resident Pakistanis open an account and invest in PSX shares from abroad. |
Orders and trading
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ready market | ریڈی مارکیٹ | ready market | PSX’s main market, where you buy and sell shares that settle on the next trading day. |
| Futures market | فیوچرز مارکیٹ | futures market | A PSX segment where you agree today on a price for shares to be settled on a later date. |
| T+1 | ٹی پلس ون | T plus one | Trade date plus one trading day: since 9 February 2026, shares and cash settle the day after the trade. Guide |
| Circuit breaker | سرکٹ بریکر | circuit breaker | A limit that stops one share moving past its daily band, and a separate KSE-30 trigger that halts the whole market. Guide |
| Upper lock | اپر لاک | upper lock | A share stuck at the top of its daily band, with buyers queued and almost no sellers. Guide |
| Lower lock | لوئر لاک | lower lock | A share stuck at the bottom of its daily band, with sellers queued and almost no buyers. Guide |
| Bid | بِڈ (خریدار کی قیمت) | bid (kharidar ki qeemat) | The highest price a buyer currently offers for a share. |
| Ask | آسک (فروخت کی قیمت) | ask or offer (farokht ki qeemat) | The lowest price a seller currently accepts for a share. |
| Spread | اسپریڈ | spread | The gap between the best bid and the best ask. |
| Limit order | لمٹ آرڈر | limit order | An order to trade only at your stated price or a better one. |
| Market order | مارکیٹ آرڈر | market order | An order to trade at once at the best price on the screen. |
| Volume | کاروباری حجم | karobari hajam (volume) | The number of shares traded in a session. |
Prices and indices
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Free float | فری فلوٹ | free float | The part of a company’s shares open to public trading, without sponsor, government and locked-in holdings. Guide |
| Market cap | مارکیٹ کیپٹلائزیشن | market capitalisation | Share price times shares issued; it measures the size of a company, not the level of its price. Guide |
| KSE-100 | کے ایس ای-100 انڈیکس (100 انڈیکس) | KSE-100 index | PSX’s benchmark index of 100 companies, weighted by free-float market capitalisation. Guide |
| KMI-30 | کے ایم آئی-30 انڈیکس | KMI-30 index | The index of the 30 largest Shariah-compliant companies on PSX. Guide |
| KSE-30 | کے ایس ای-30 انڈیکس | KSE-30 index | PSX’s index of 30 large, liquid companies, whose move triggers the market-wide halt. |
| All Share index | آل شیئر انڈیکس | all share index | An index of the whole listed market, not a sample of the largest 100. |
| 52-week high | 52 ہفتے کی بلند ترین سطح | 52 hafte ki buland tareen satah | The highest price the share traded at in the past 52 weeks. |
| Blue chip | بلیو چپ | blue chip | An informal label for a large, long-established, liquid company; PSX has no official blue-chip list. |
| Sector | سیکٹر (شعبہ) | sector (shoba) | The industry group a company belongs to, such as cement, banks or fertiliser. |
| Index rebalancing | انڈیکس ری بیلنسنگ | index rebalancing | The scheduled review in which PSX adds or removes companies and resets weights. Guide |
Dividends and corporate actions
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Face value | فیس ویلیو (اسمی قدر) | face value | The nominal value printed on a share, Rs 10 for most listed companies; dividend percentages are measured on it. Guide |
| Dividend | ڈیویڈنڈ | dividend (munafa) | A share of company profit paid to shareholders, usually in cash. Guide |
| Cash dividend % | کیش ڈیویڈنڈ فیصد | cash dividend feesad | Cash declared as a percent of face value, so 150% on a Rs 10 share pays Rs 15. Guide |
| Bonus shares | بونس شیئرز | bonus shares | Free extra shares issued to existing holders in proportion to what they hold. Guide |
| Right shares | رائٹ شیئرز | right shares | New shares offered to existing holders, which they can subscribe to, sell or let lapse. Guide |
| Book closure | بک کلوزر | book closure | The window in which a company freezes its register to decide who receives a dividend, bonus or right. Guide |
| Ex-date | ایکس ڈیٹ | ex date | The first trading day on which a share trades without the coming entitlement. Guide |
| Record date | ریکارڈ ڈیٹ | record date | The date the register is read; on PSX it works as the first day of book closure. Guide |
| Payout ratio | پے آؤٹ ریشو | payout ratio | The share of profit a company pays out as dividends. Guide |
Fundamentals
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| EPS | ای پی ایس (فی شیئر آمدن) | EPS (per share aamdan) | Earnings per share: profit after tax divided by the number of shares. |
| P/E | پی ای ریشو | price to earnings ratio | Share price divided by EPS: the rupees you pay for each rupee of yearly profit. |
| P/B | پی بی ریشو | price to book ratio | Share price divided by book value per share. |
| Dividend yield | ڈیویڈنڈ ییلڈ | dividend yield | Annual dividend per share divided by the share price, shown as a percent. Guide |
| Book value | بک ویلیو | book value | A company’s assets minus its liabilities, usually quoted per share. |
Flows and market structure
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| FIPI | ایف آئی پی آئی (غیر ملکی سرمایہ کار) | FIPI (ghair mulki sarmayakar) | Net buying or selling by foreign investors in a session, published by NCCPL. Guide |
| LIPI | ایل آئی پی آئی (مقامی سرمایہ کار) | LIPI (maqami sarmayakar) | Net buying or selling by local investor groups; FIPI and LIPI always sum to zero. Guide |
| MTS | مارجن ٹریڈنگ سسٹم (ایم ٹی ایس) | margin trading system (MTS) | The NCCPL-run system in which you pay part of the price and your broker finances the rest. |
| Short selling | شارٹ سیلنگ | short selling | Selling shares you do not own, borrowed through your broker, to buy them back later. |
| IPO | آئی پی او (ابتدائی پبلک پیشکش) | initial public offering (IPO) | A company’s first sale of shares to the public before they list on PSX. Guide |
| Book building | بک بلڈنگ | book building | The IPO stage in which large bidders name a price and quantity so that the strike price can be found. Guide |
| Strike price | اسٹرائیک پرائس | strike price | The single price, set by Dutch auction in book building, at which IPO shares are allotted. Guide |
| Delisting | ڈی لسٹنگ | delisting | The removal of a company’s shares from PSX’s list, after which they no longer trade there. |
Shariah and tax
| Term | اردو | Roman Urdu | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shariah-compliant | شریعہ کمپلائنٹ | shariah compliant | A company that passes the KMI business and financial-ratio screens. Guide |
| Zakat on shares | شیئرز پر زکوٰۃ | shares par zakat | Zakat owed on shares above nisab after one lunar year; companies may also deduct it from dividends. Guide |
| CGT | کیپیٹل گین ٹیکس (سی جی ٹی) | capital gain tax (CGT) | Income tax on the profit when you sell shares above cost; the rate comes from the current Finance Act. |
| Withholding tax | ود ہولڈنگ ٹیکس | withholding tax | The income tax a company deducts from your dividend before it pays you. Guide |
| Filer / ATL | فائلر / ایکٹو ٹیکس پیئرز لسٹ (اے ٹی ایل) | filer / active taxpayers list (ATL) | A person on FBR’s Active Taxpayers List, who pays a lower withholding rate than a non-filer. Guide |
| Cost basis | اوسط لاگت | ausat lagat (cost basis) | What you paid for a holding, averaged across your buys; it sets your gain or loss on a sale. |
Rates and limits in the tax rows change with each Finance Act. The current schedule is on FBR’s website. Market rules and index methods are on PSX, clearing rules on NCCPL and depository rules on CDC.
Where do these terms show up on a real portfolio?
Most of the terms above reach you through four documents: your broker’s contract note, your CDC statement, a company’s dividend notice and your tax certificate. SuperX’s portfolio tracker puts several of them on one screen: weighted-average cost, realised and unrealised gain, sector breakdown, and the effect of dividends, bonus and right shares on your share count and average cost. The app opens on 23 November 2026 and the tracker is free.
Frequently asked questions
What does “stock market” mean in Urdu?
Pakistani press writes it as “اسٹاک مارکیٹ” or “اسٹاک ایکسچینج”, and Jang also uses “بازار حصص”. A share is “شیئر” in everyday use and “حصص” in formal Urdu.
What does dividend mean in Urdu?
The press writes “ڈیویڈنڈ” and explains it as a share of the company’s profit paid to shareholders. On PSX it is announced as a percent of face value, so 150% on a Rs 10 share is Rs 15.
What does KSE-100 mean in Urdu?
Urdu reports usually say “100 انڈیکس” or “کے ایس ای-100 انڈیکس”. It is PSX’s benchmark index of 100 companies, and the daily report gives its closing level and its change in points.
What is the difference between bonus shares and right shares in Urdu?
“بونس شیئرز” are free extra shares and cost you nothing. “رائٹ شیئرز” are new shares you must pay for if you take them up, and you can also sell the right or let it lapse.
What does Sahulat account mean in Urdu?
“سہولت” means ease, and the account is SECP’s simplified brokerage account for small investors. SECP raised its investment ceiling from Rs 1 million to Rs 3 million in March 2026, as reported by ProPakistani; confirm the current figure with your broker.
Education, not investment advice.
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